As múltiplas violências vivenciadas por farmacêuticas no ambiente laboral / The multiple violences experienced by pharmacist women in the workplace / Las múltiples violencias experimentadas por las farmacéuticas en el entorno laboral

Resumo A divisão sexual do trabalho ocasiona iniquidade entre gêneros, bem como situações de violência direcionadas às mulheres no ambiente laboral. Na área farmacêutica, a maioria feminina e a inserção em múltiplos cenários, que envolvem contato com público e parcerias profissionais diferenciadas, potencializam a exposição à violência. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi analisar situações de violência vivenciadas por farmacêuticas no ambiente laboral. Para tal, utilizou-se método qualitativo, com análise de conteúdo, realizada no software NVivo®, de uma survey on line, respondida por farmacêuticas (n=381) registradas no Conselho Regional de Farmácia de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Como resultado, identificou-se quatro categorias: 'Convivendo com o desrespeito, ameaças e vulnerabilidade', 'O sexismo e o machismo estrutural que cala, diminui e atordoa', 'A discriminação contra a mulher como obstáculo à equidade' e 'Assédio sexual e objetificação da mulher'. Emergiram diversas expressões de violências no ambiente laboral provenientes de múltiplos agressores. Farmacêuticas reconheceram prejuízo profissional e pouco reconhecimento pela capacidade técnica. Conclui-se que os relatos expuseram a falta de proteção da integridade farmacêutica no ambiente de trabalho. Espera-se que esses resultados tragam à luz a desigualdade de gênero no trabalho farmacêutico, com destaque para situações de violência, ampliando a discussão e proporcionando evolução dessa profissão majoritariamente feminina.

Abstract The sexual division of labor causes inequality between genders, as well as situations of violence directed to women in the workplace. In the pharmaceutical area, the majority of women and insertion in multiple scenarios, involving contact with public and differentiated professional partnerships, enhance exposure to violence. Thus, the objective of this study was to analyze situations of violence experienced by pharmacists in the workplace. For this, a qualitative method was used, with content analysis, performed in the NVivo® software, of an online survey, answered by pharmacists (n=381) registered in the Regional Pharmacy Council of Minas Gerais, Brazil. As a result, four categories were identified: 'Living with disrespect, threats and vulnerability,' 'Sexism and structural chauvinism that shuts down, diminishes and torments,' 'Discrimination against women as an obstacle to equity' and 'Sexual harassment and objectification of women.' Several expressions of violence in the labor environment emerged from multiple aggressors. Pharmacists recognized professional impairment and little recognition for technical capacity. We concluded that the reports exposed the lack of protection of pharmaceutical integrity in the workplace. It is expected that these results bring to light the gender inequality in pharmaceutical work, with emphasis on situations of violence, expanding the discussion and providing evolution of this mostly female profession.

Resumen La división sexual del trabajo ocasiona iniquidad entre los géneros, así como situaciones de violencia dirigidas a las mujeres en el entorno laboral. En el ámbito farmacéutico, la mayoría de las mujeres y la inserción en múltiples escenarios, que implican contacto con el público y asociaciones profesionales diferenciadas, potencian la exposición a la violencia. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de este estudio fue analizar las situaciones de violencia experimentadas por las farmacéuticas en el entorno laboral. Para esto, se utilizó un método cualitativo, con análisis de contenido, realizado en el software NVivo®, de una encuesta en línea, respondida por farmacéuticas (n=381) registradas en el Consejo Regional de Farmacia de Minas Gerais, Brasil. A consecuencia, se identificaron cuatro categorías: 'Conviviendo con falta de respeto, amenazas y vulnerabilidad', 'el sexismo y el machismo estructural que cala, disminuye y atormentó', 'la discriminación contra la mujer como obstáculo a la equidad' y 'el acoso sexual y la objeción de la mujer'. Han surgido varias expresiones de violencia en el entorno laboral procedentes de múltiples agresores. Los productos farmacéuticos han reconocido el daño profesional y el escaso reconocimiento de la capacidad técnica. Se concluye que los informes haciendo hincapié de manifiesto la falta de protección de la integridad farmacéutica en el entorno laboral. Se espera que estos resultados traigan a la luz la desigualdad de género en el trabajo farmacéutico, haciendo hincapié en las situaciones de violencia, ampliando el debate y dando lugar a la evolución de esa profesión principalmente femenina.

Profile of activities developed by community pharmacists: do they corroborate the precepts of the pharmaceutical profession?

Studies that addressed the profile of pharmaceutical activities and behaviors in community pharmacies in the last decades pointed to a gap between community pharmacy practice and the precepts of the profession. Facing the need to analyze whether the new legislation has impacted this scenario, the objective of this study was to describe the general profile and academic profile of community pharmacists, and the profile of the activities they develop, as well as to know their place of work. This is a descriptive study, to which all pharmacists in charge of community pharmacies in the metropolitan area of ​​Belo Horizonte-MG (n = 1624) were invited. Data collection was performed through a questionnaire validated online, from October to December 2017, via Google Docs®. Responses were obtained from 109 pharmacists, most of them female, aged 31-40 years, being general graduates, and in private institutions. Pharmacotherapeutic follow-up, an activity linked to clinical management, is performed by only 37.60% of pharmacists, evidencing that there is still a lag in relation to the provision of clinical services by community pharmacists. Thus, we emphasize the importance of implementing the precepts established by Brazilian curricular guidelines for undergraduate pharmacy courses which focus on the development of clinical skills, since the insertion of the pharmacist into the health team and the provision of clinical services to the community can add new value to the use of medications, and contribute effectively to their rational use in Brazil.